| Modernist style |
To create indoors an interior a modernist style not too difficult. The most important thing - not to forget that it is extraordinary refined and decorative style. For it wavy bent line which combines trends of the East with aspiration to constructability is peculiar. In an interior the main motive which repeatedly repeats in other forms and compositions gets out. In furnish a lot of attention is given to a vegetative pattern and flexible fluid forms. Among the most used color combinations - color of a faded rose and dusty-lilac, gray-blue, tobacco and pearl gray tone. And if also it will be possible to find silky wall-paper or draperies with representation a blossoming poppy or the peacock feather, large colors and insects exact hit in style to you is provided.
Ceilings of rooms in modernist style amaze with a variety of registration: thin, a dark tree the beams framing white plastered caissons, or an air stucco molding which simulates pond duckweed. Ceilings could be decorated a plaster stucco molding earlier. Modern imitations of a modernist style decorate ceiling moldings from artificial materials.
Floors in modernist style not so innovative: the usual parquet board laid by a fur-tree or small squares. But if you want in a drawing room a figured floor let drawing will repeat, for example, a bend of a wave or an interlacing of wild flowers. The furniture as is unusual, as well as a color palette of walls and fabrics. Freakish twisting outlines are peculiar to chairs, armchairs, couches and little tables. The fabric which applies to furniture upholstery is decorated by a vegetative ornament, thus flowers and leaves also should be unusual forms.
Modernist style was born on a boundary of centuries in the European architecture as movement for creation of style of the epoch. Architectural modernist style, with its characteristic twisting line drawing an arabesque, with its interest to exotic has quickly extended across Europe.
From second half of XIX-th century in process of wide use of new building materials, first of all ferro-concrete and glass, engineering development, value of architectural creativity began to fall. There was a division of labor of engineers and architects. To civil engineers the considerable part of building of buildings has departed. For architects there was a function of mainly design appendix to victoriously walking building techniques. Architects were engaged basically, dressing of the constructions designed by engineers without special thoughts on integrity of a composition. In architecture the domination of eclecticism and decoration reigned. In the nineties the last century modernist style was defined as architectural style. It was means of overcoming of eclecticism which has seized the European architecture. The modernist style pursued the aim of creation of new universal synthetic style. Great masters of modernist style in one product connected architecture, a plastic arts, painting, and arts and crafts in a fantastic organism.
The modernist style has arisen in a counterbalance to rationalism of a XIX-th century. With occurrence in building of pig-iron and steel in public, and then in industrial and residential buildings the new nomenclature of types of buildings, proceeding from their functional purpose began to be formed: supermarkets, public libraries, etc. Residential buildings are projected, proceeding from their functional zoning. Rationalism developed as though from within. Function defined the form, the form followed function. By 70th years of a XIX-th century the opinion has affirmed that rationalism not absolutely architecturally-art current, and is faster engineering. In architecture modernist style has blossomed roughly and magnificently. It has painted itself (himself) the whole period of history of architecture in the end of the last century and has entered a deep file deep into our century. Modernist style develops mainly in architecture of city private residences and expensive multiroom buildings, country houses and summer residences. Architects of a modernist style at formation of plans and a composition of buildings safely went on application of asymmetric decisions in grouping of volumes and an arrangement window and doorways. Modernist style stained-glass windows aren't so abstract, as Gothic, and bear in it bikonicheskie natural forms. For a modernist style silhouettes and ornaments, styling in smooth, easily bent lines of the form of plants and water bowls are characteristic. Facades differed roundish, sometimes extremely curved contours of apertures, use of lattices from shod metal and glazed ceramics of the color constrained on tone: green, lilac, pink, gray. In architecture self-formed forms, in decorative creativity - lined on the surfaces, the expanding, and enveloping stylized ornament have extended crying, soft. A number of ornamental motives of a modernist style have been borrowed from art of the Far East, first of all Japan. These motives have gained subsequently the big distribution.
The big role in formation of interiors of modernist style electricity occurrence in 1900 has played. Artificial electric illumination has influenced on light vision interiors. The stained-glass windows illuminated from within, gave to buildings unique appeal, and to interiors - expressiveness.
One of leading roles in registration of facades, window and doorways was played by a flat plaster modeled ornament. In drawings of stained-glass windows as ornamental motives flowers - irises, poppies, various grasses, and also lilies and other water plants with long lasting stalks were used. The geometrical ornament, including motive of a meander in a specific, characteristic portrayal for a modernist style was used also.
Modernist style treats a wall not only as a constructive and static element by definition. During a modernist style epoch tendencies of expression of a plasticity of a wall coming nearer to a sculpture in architectural volume have been put. Windows became organic expression of style. For the first time window and arch apertures, their fillings and a decor become equally important component of modernist style both for a facade, and in an interior of buildings. Walls of premises were painted in pastel tone - lilac, greenish, pearl gray. With them it is thin the furniture of new forms was combined. As the ancestor of modernist style consider the Belgian artist-architect Victor Orta. The type of the new building which have arisen at the time of formation of a modernist style as style, - department store - is most interesting. He demanded application of the big glazed surfaces. Innovative from this point of view it is possible to name shop "Innovation" constructed by Orta in Bruxelles in 1901. Entirely glazed, with metal covers, the facade of this building shined the general trading floor of the ground floor, trading galleries of the top floors and uniting ladder.
In 1889 engineer Gustav Eifel has designed for the World's fair in Paris a tower - a symbol of the modern epoch, executed entirely from naked metal designs to underline expressive possibilities of a new material. It was the top of career of the ingenious engineer.
At the reference to a modernist style, the ordinary phrase - "windows - eyes of buildings" - gets special sense. Freakish windows and modernist style stained-glass windows look at the world a mysterious sight of the exotic beauty.
Creators of a modernist style freely resort to asymmetric forms and compositions. Window and doorways of their filling are organically intertwined by freakish bends in a live plasticity of buildings of new style.
Modernist style was not only the elite phenomenon. It became the initiator of mass culture. If rationalism was widely adopted for 50 years modernist style seeds have scattered on the world literally for one week thanks to occurrence of rotational cars and, as consequence, mass distribution of printed matter - newspapers and magazines, delivered by trains. The modernist style dominated in architecture of 20-25 years and has received continuation in a functionalism and expressionism.
